Bulletin 441 - Brazil 2023 #22 - Funarids (Ovenbirds) part 2

 After 3 trips to Colombia with diminishing returns, it was time to go further afield. Pablo Flores the guide in Colombia is now leading trips to Brazil as well. So my birding buddy Martin Jackson and my daughter Chantel and I decided to go there. We visited the Pantanal, the Atlantic forest in the Sao Paulo area and had 1 day in the Chapada. The Pantanal is the largest wetland in the world, so it is teeming with wildlife. The Atlantic Forest is a unique ecosystem from sea level to about 1 mile elevation. It contains 800 species of birds (225 endemic) and 26 species of primates. Unfortunately it also contains 2 mega cities - Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and the resulting sprawl and clearing for agriculture since the Portuguese arrived 500 years ago, has wiped out 90%+ of the original forest. About 250 species of amphibians, birds and mammals have gone extinct in the past 400 years. The good news is that many preserves and parks have been set aside to try and preserve the remaining biodiversity.

The funarids or ovenbirds are a huge family of birds in the New World. Most are hard to photograph in the dense jungle, but here in the Pantanal and southeastern Brazil, the forest was more open. Thus I had a record of 23 new species photographed for the trip. We already saw the woodcreepers in Bulletin #16.

The spinetails for me are difficult to see well and get a photo. The 6.25" Rufous-capped Spinetail (Synallaxis ruficapilla) is easy to ID if you can see him. He has a reddish cap and a black line through the eye.

Rufous-capped Spinetail

His cousin, the 6.25" White-lored Spinetail (Synallaxis albilora) has a rufous body and wings and a gray head. There is a tiny white spot between the eye and the beak.

White-lored Spinetail

The 5.5" Pallid Spinetail (Cranioleuca pallida) is a Brazil endemic. This is a forest species with a rusty cap, wings and tail. 

The 6" Yellow-chinned Spinetail (Certhiaxis cinnamomeus) is a spinetail of marshy areas. It has rufous wings and tail and a rufous cap. It is pale on the back and underside with a yellow chin spot. Like the bird above, the named feature of the bird is never seen in the field so need ID by voice.

Yellow-chinned Spinetail

The 6.75" Arucaria Tit-Spinetail (Leptasthenura setaria) occurs in the mountains in the arucaria pine forests. He is grayish with a streaked head and a long rufous forked tail. The arucaria trees were prehistoric looking.

Arucaria Tit-Spinetail

The horneros are easier to see as many forage on the ground. The 7" Rufous Hornero (Funarius rufus) is overall plain rufous.

Rufous Hornero

His cousin, the 6.5" Pale-legged Hornero (Funarius leucopis) is more intese rufous on the body, with a gray head and obvious white eye stripe.

Pale-legged Hornero

Lastly is the 6.5" Band-tailed Hornero (Funarius figulus). He is similar to the previous one but he has a rufous cap. He is another Brazil endemic bird.

Band-tailed Hornero

I put the different bird/mammal families in single folders for easy viewing

I have photos of 66 of the 315 species of ovenbirds

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald

dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2006 - 2025 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 440 - Brazil 2023 #21 - Storks, Trogons, others

  After 3 trips to Colombia with diminishing returns, it was time to go further afield. Pablo Flores the guide in Colombia is now leading trips to Brazil as well. So my birding buddy Martin Jackson and my daughter Chantel and I decided to go there. We visited the Pantanal, the Atlantic forest in the Sao Paulo area and had 1 day in the Chapada. The Pantanal is the largest wetland in the world, so it is teeming with wildlife. The Atlantic Forest is a unique ecosystem from sea level to about 1 mile elevation. It contains 800 species of birds (225 endemic) and 26 species of primates. Unfortunately it also contains 2 mega cities - Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and the resulting sprawl and clearing for agriculture since the Portuguese arrived 500 years ago, has wiped out 90%+ of the original forest. About 250 species of amphibians, birds and mammals have gone extinct in the past 400 years. The good news is that many preserves and parks have been set aside to try and preserve the remaining biodiversity.

There were 3 storks for the trip - none were lifers but 2 were new for photos.

The smallest is the 37" Wood Stork (Mycteria americana). This is also in the USA so should be familiar to everyone.

Wood Stork

The next is the 42" Maguari Stork (Ciconia maguari). It is a white stork with black wings, red lags and red facial skin around the eyes.

Maguari Stork

The giant is, of course, the 55" Jabiru (Jabiru mycteria). It is an easy ID due to its size. It has a white body, black neck with a red collar at the base of the neck.

Jabiru

Of course a bird this size builds a gigantic nest.

Jabiru - nest

There were 3 trogons for the trip. The 11" male Green-backed Trogon (Trogon viridis) has green back, blue hood, yellow belly and pale yellow eye ring.

Green-backed Trogon

The new one was the 11.5"  Surucua Trogon (Trogon susucua). This is a female with the gray body. In the field guide it shows that this trogon has 2 color forms - red bellied and yellow bellied. I have not seen this in any other trogon that I have encountered. Maybe it is 2 separate species??

Surucua Trogon - female

The 10" male Blue-crowned Trogon (Trogon curucui) has a green back, red belly and blue head.

Blue-crowned Trogon - male

The female is gray instead of green.

Blue-crowned Trogon - female

The only tinamou was the 17" Solitary Tinamou (Tinamus solitarius). It was coming to a feeding station at a lodge in the mountains. This is only my 4th tinamou species to photograph.

Solitary Tinamou

At the same time at that lodge, they fed the 11" Spot-winged Wood Quail (Odontophorus capueira). The rufous on the face is a good ID, but it is the only quail in this area of Brazil.

Spot-winged Wood Quail

I put the different bird/mammal families in single folders for easy viewing

I have photos of 10 of the 19 species of storks

I have photos of 18 of the 43 species of trogons

I have photos of 4 of the 47 species of tinamous

I have photos of 10 of the 34 species of New World  quail

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald

dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2006 - 2024 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 439 - Brazil 2023 #20 - Flycatchers Part 2

 After 3 trips to Colombia with diminishing returns, it was time to go further afield. Pablo Flores the guide in Colombia is now leading trips to Brazil as well. So my birding buddy Martin Jackson and my daughter Chantel and I decided to go there. We visited the Pantanal, the Atlantic forest in the Sao Paulo area and had 1 day in the Chapada. The Pantanal is the largest wetland in the world, so it is teeming with wildlife. The Atlantic Forest is a unique ecosystem from sea level to about 1 mile elevation. It contains 800 species of birds (225 endemic) and 26 species of primates. Unfortunately it also contains 2 mega cities - Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and the resulting sprawl and clearing for agriculture since the Portuguese arrived 500 years ago, has wiped out 90%+ of the original forest. About 250 species of amphibians, birds and mammals have gone extinct in the past 400 years. The good news is that many preserves and parks have been set aside to try and preserve the remaining biodiversity.

The Tyrant Flycatcher family has the most species of any of the bird families (447 currently). So as before on other trips you find a lot of them. This trip to Brazil was no different 21 species of which 16 were new for me.

The 7" male Long-tailed Tyrant (Colonia colonus) is another commonly encountered flycatcher and and an easy ID. He is all black except for a white crown. He has 2 long tail feathers. This one is the female as she is gray rather than black.

             

Long-tailed Tyrant - female

Another with a long tail is the 9" Shear-tailed Grey Tyrant (Muscipipra vetula). He is gray with black wings and a long forked tail.

Shear-tailed Grey Tyrant

The longest tail belongs to the 15" Streamer-tailed Tyrant (Gubernetes yetapa). He is another easy ID.

Streamer-tailed Tyrant

The 7.75" White-rumped Monjita (Xolmis velatus) is white with gray wings and tail.

White-rumped Monjita

Another white bird is the 6" Masked Water Tyrant (Fluvicola nengeta). He is white with dark wings and a black line through the eye. This may be a juvie with the brownish wings?

Masked Water Tyrant

The 5.5" Southern Tropical Pewee (Contopus cinereus) is a small gray flycatcher and best IDed by voice.

Southern Tropical Pewee

The 3" Eared Pygmy Tyrant (Myiornis auricularis) is too small and far away for much detail.

Eared Pygmy Tyrant

The 4" Sao Paulo Bristle Tyrant (Pogonotriccus paulista) has a green back and wings, yellowish below and yellow eye stripe. Interestingly, it was assigned to a different genus and English name in January 2024.

Sao Paulo Bristle Tyrant

The 7" Large Elaenia (Elaenia spectabilis) is another bird to recognize by voice as many elaenias look alike. He has his crest raised in response to the tape.

Large Elaenia

The last is the prettiest of this group. The 7.25" Cliff Flycatcher (Hirundinea ferruginea) is brown on the his head, back and wings with bright rufous wing patches, rump and underside.

Cliff Flycatcher

So with the 16 new flycatcher species on the trip, I have still only photographed 1/3 of the species in this largest family of birds.

I put the different bird/mammal families in single folders for easy viewing

I have photos of 149 of the 447 species of Tyrant Flycatchers

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald

dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2006 - 2024 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 438 - Brazil 2023 #19 - Ducks and others near water.

  After 3 trips to Colombia with diminishing returns, it was time to go further afield. Pablo Flores the guide in Colombia is now leading trips to Brazil as well. So my birding buddy Martin Jackson and my daughter Chantel and I decided to go there. We visited the Pantanal, the Atlantic forest in the Sao Paulo area and had 1 day in the Chapada. The Pantanal is the largest wetland in the world, so it is teeming with wildlife. The Atlantic Forest is a unique ecosystem from sea level to about 1 mile elevation. It contains 800 species of birds (225 endemic) and 26 species of primates. Unfortunately it also contains 2 mega cities - Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and the resulting sprawl and clearing for agriculture since the Portuguese arrived 500 years ago, has wiped out 90%+ of the original forest. About 250 species of amphibians, birds and mammals have gone extinct in the past 400 years. The good news is that many preserves and parks have been set aside to try and preserve the remaining biodiversity.

The 16" male Brazilian Teal (Amazonetta brasiliensis) is mostly brown with a red bill.

Brazilian Teal - male

The female has several white spots on her face.

Brazilian Teal - female

The 18" male Southern Pochard (Netta erythrophthalma) ia a very dark mahogany colored duck with  a red eye.

Southern Pochard - males

The 22" male Comb Duck (Sarkidornis melanotos) is a peculiar looking bird. The body in black, He has a very long neck for a duck and the male has a crest on his beak - the comb.

Comb Duck - male

The female is similar but lacks the comb.

Comb Duck - female

The huge 30" Muscovy Duck (Cairina noschata) is well known as very common in our parks - although the ones with the white on the body or head have bred with domestic ducks. The wild ones do not have white except the wing patches. The red knobly face is another field mark of this bird.

Muscovy Duck 

Screamers are a small family of 3 species related to ducks and geese. The 36" goose like Southern Screamer (Chauna torquata) is an easy ID with its red legs, facial skin, wispy crest and a black collar. The rest of the bird is gray.

Southern Screamer

We saw a few chicks as well.

Southern Screamer - chick

The 12" Sungrebe (Heliornis fulica) is one of 3 species in the finfoot family. It swims low in the water and tends to stay hidden behind overhanging branches. It is an easy ID with its striped head and neck.

Sungrebe

Another evening on a boat trip we saw one on a branch. Notice the black stripes on his legs and feet.

Sungrebe

The 35" Anhinga (Anhinga anhinga) is a memeber of the darter family. It  looks like a cormorant but the neck is much longer. This is a female with the beige neck. The male would be all black.

Anhinga - female

We saw few kingfishers despite a several boat rides. The 11" Amazon Kingfisher (Chloroceryle amazona) is the largest green kingfisher in the Americas. This is a male with the brown breast.

Amazon Kingfisher - male

I put the different bird/mammal families in single folders for easy viewing

I have photos of 75 of the 168 species of ducks and geese

I have photos of 3 of the 3 species of screamers

I have photos of 2 of the 3 species of finfoots

I have photos of 2 of the 4 species of darters

I have photos of 18 of the 113 species of kingfishers

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald

dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2006 - 2024 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 437 - Brazil 2023 #18 - Flycatchers Part 1

 After 3 trips to Colombia with diminishing returns, it was time to go further afield. Pablo Flores the guide in Colombia is now leading trips to Brazil as well. So my birding buddy Martin Jackson and my daughter Chantel and I decided to go there. We visited the Pantanal, the Atlantic forest in the Sao Paulo area and had 1 day in the Chapada. The Pantanal is the largest wetland in the world, so it is teeming with wildlife. The Atlantic Forest is a unique ecosystem from sea level to about 1 mile elevation. It contains 800 species of birds (225 endemic) and 26 species of primates. Unfortunately it also contains 2 mega cities - Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro and the resulting sprawl and clearing for agriculture since the Portuguese arrived 500 years ago, has wiped out 90%+ of the original forest. About 250 species of amphibians, birds and mammals have gone extinct in the past 400 years. The good news is that many preserves and parks have been set aside to try and preserve the remaining biodiversity.

The Tyrant Flycatcher family has the most species of any of the bird families (447 currently). So as before on other trips you find a lot of them. This trip to Brazil was no different 21 species of which 16 were new for me.

The 7.75" Brown-crested Flycatcher (Myiarchus tyrannulus) is typical for this genus with the brown back and head, gray breast and yellow belly. This bird also can be seen in south Texas.

Brown-crested Flycatcher

His cousin is the 7" Swainson's Flycatcher (Myiarchus swainsoni). These birds are so similar that they are best separated by voice.

Swainson's Flycatcher

The 8" Crested Black Tyrant (Knipolegus lophotes) is an all black flycatcher with a wispy crest and a red eye.

Crested Black Tyrant 

His cousin is the 7" Velvety Black Tyrant (Knipolegus lophotes). The male has a bushy crest and red eye.

Velvety Black Tyrant - male

The female is similar but she has a rusty streaked throat.

Velvety Black Tyrant - female

The 6" Scarlet Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus) should look familiar to all of us in the USA. It was one of the 3 species split from Vermilion Flycatcher.

Scarlet Flycatcher

The 6.5" Lesser Kiskadee (Philohydor lictor) is another bird that need sot be IDed by voice as there are many similarly colored species.

Lesser Kiskadee

The 7" Rufous Casiornis (Casiornis rufus) is an attractive reddish brown bird but lighter on the breast.

 Rufous Casiornis

The 8.25" Grey-hooded Attila (Attila rufus) is similar to the above bird but the head is gray. He is a Brazil endemic.

Grey-hooded Attila

The 7.75" Cattle Tyrant (Machetornis rixosa) is a commonly found bird in tropical America. He is usually on the ground.

Cattle Tyrant

The 3.75" Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher (Todirostrum poliocephalum) is an easy ID. He is another Brazil endemic species.

Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher

So with the 16 new flycatcher species on the trip, I have still only photographed 1/3 of the species in this largest family of birds.

I put the different bird/mammal families in single folders for easy viewing

I have photos of 149 of the 447 species of Tyrant Flycatchers

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald

dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2006 - 2025 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.