Bulletin 162 - AZ hummers #2

The Magnificent Hummingbird (Eugenes fulgens) is another large (5.25") hummingbird of southeast AZ. It is appropriately named, as the male has a bright green gorget and purple crown. The rest of his body appears dark.

Magnificent Hummingbird - male

We also saw for the first time, a juvenile male. He is just starting to get some of his bright green throat feathers and purple crown feathers.

Magnificent Hummingbird - juvenile male

The Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri) is a common hummingbird of the USA southwest. It is very similar to his cousin, the Ruby-throated Hummingbird of eastern North America. The male has a black chin and thin purple gorget below the black. I have always found it difficult to photograph to show off the purple feathers. This time I got lucky.

Black-chinned Hummingbird - male

Here is another hovering while doing his business.

Black-chinned Hummingbird - male

The Costa's Hummingbird (Calypte costae) is a very small (3.5") hummingbird of southern California and Arizona. I photographed a male bird last November in Tucson. This trip I got the female. She is IDed more by her shape. Notice the large round head and short thick neck. Also, the wing tips extend just beyond the tail.

Costa's Hummingbird - female

The familiar Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) is a small (3.75") hummingbird of the Pacific northwest. However, a few winter along the Gulf coast and I have been blessed to have had a few birds visiting my feeders the last 3 winters. The adult male is almost completely orange. We saw a single bird, but I wasn't able to get a photo. However, here is a juvenile male.

Rufous Hummingbird - juvenile male

Here is another juvenile male. He appears to have some sort of tumor on his face, as there is a tuft of feathers just above the beak.



Rufous Hummingbird - juvenile male

The female has less rufous and just a couple of red throat spots.

Rufous Hummingbird - female

Lastly we had a hybrid hummingbird. This was explained as a Lucifer x Costa's cross. The Costa's is evident with the purple crown. I am not sure how the Lucifer was delineated. The Lucifer does have a very narrow tail, and maybe this bird had that, but I didn't see it, if that was the case. They called it a Costifer Hummingbird for the parents.

Lucifer x Costas's Hummingbird - hybrid

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 161 - Arizona hummers #1

Southeast Arizona in late summer has a possible 13 species of  hummingbirds. These species include all the 10 normal western hummers (Lucifer, Violet-crowned, Broad-billed, Blue-throated, Magnificent,  Allen's, Costa's, Rufous, Calliope, and Broad-tailed). Several Mexican vagrants are possible as well (Plain-capped Starthroat, Berylline and White-eared). Lisa and I spent a few days there is mid August with guide Melody Kehl and searched for them.

We saw all of the western birds except Broad-tailed and Violet-crowned. In addition we saw a Plain-capped Starthroat (lifer for me) but were unable to get any photos. The other two Mexican species were not present this year at all.

The Lucifer Hummingbird (Calothorax lucifer) is a small (3.5") hummer with a curved beak. The male has a long purple gorget. An important ID mark is the very narrow tail. Here are several photos of a male.



Lucifer Hummingbird - male

Lucifer Hummingbird - male

The Broad-billed Hummingbird (Cyanthus latirostris) is a most beautiful bird. The male has a green back, blue throat, dark tail, and red bill tipped with black.

Broad-billed Hummingbird - male

We saw several juvenile males as well whose throats and breasts had some blue feathers molting into full adult plumage. Here are a couple of different birds in various stages of molt. This one lacks much of the blue throat.

Broad-billed Hummingbird - juvenile male

And another with a full throat of color, but incomplete breast feathers.

Broad-billed Hummingbird - juvenile male

The male Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna) has a red throat and a red crown. The back is green



Anna's Hummingbird - male

The juvenile males lacked a complete set of red feathers.

Anna's Hummingbird - juvenile male

The Blue-throated Hummingbird (Lampornis clemenciae) is a large (5") hummer of mountain canyons. Both sexes has extensive white coners to their tails as an important field mark. The male has a blue throat and gray breast. The female has a gray throat. The bill is black. Here is a male in profile. The blue is not as dramatic as in the Broad-billed hummer above.

Blue-throated Hummingbird - male

Here is a bird looking at the camera and I was able to catch the iridescence of his gorget. The white in his tail is clearly seen as well.



Blue-throated Hummingbird - male

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.

Bulletin 160 - AZ birds and wildlife

We found several warblers in Arizona. The first shown here is the Red-faced Warbler (Cardellina rubrifrons). This unique bird has a gray back, white breast, red face and black hood. The sexes are similar.

Red-faced Warbler

The Olive Warbler (Peucedramus taeniatus) was formerly in the same family as the wood warblers, but DNA has shown it to be unique. It has since been put in its own family. This bird is gray with 2 white wing bars. The head is yellow with a black ear patch. This is the female or immature male plumage. The adult male has orange instead of the yellow.

Olive Warbler - female or immature male

We saw several Painted Redstarts (Myioborus pictus). Neither of us were able to get a decent photo. However, what we did see was a nest of this bird. They nest on the ground and we were able to see the babies in the grassy nest.

Painted Redstart - nest with babies

Other wildlife we saw on this trip were several squirrels, pronghorn and several lizards. The Arizona Gray Squirrel (Sciurus arizonensis) is a typical large bushy tailed squirrel.

Arizona Gray Squirrel

The Desert Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus magister) is a large (8-12") lizard seen on the ground or climbing in trees.

Desert Spiny Lizard

Thanks again to our guide Melody Kehl for finding the birds and IDing the other wildlife.

Happy birding and photography,
David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask to subscribe.




Bulletin 159 - AZ birds #2

One of my favorite birds of the southwest USA is the Phainopepla (Phainopepla nitens). This 7.5" bird is the only USA member of the Silky-Flycatcher family. Despite the name, this bird eats mostly berries. The male is glossy black with a bushy crest and red eye. The female is gray.

Phainopepla - male

We saw several members of the flycatcher family. The Ash-throated Flycactcher (Myiarchus cinerascens) is a dull colored medium sized (7.5") myarchius. This genus are brown backed with gray breasts and yellow bellies. Sometimes they also have rufous in the wings or tail feathers.

Ash-throated Flycatcher

The Western Wood-Pewee (Contopus sordidulus) is a small (6.25") gray brown flycatcher that has wing bars but lacks an eye-ring.

Western Wood-Pewee

The Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) is a medium sized woodpecker of the western USA. It has a black and white face, black back and breast and white belly. The male shown here has an extensive red cap.



Acorn Woodpecker - male

As their name implies, acorns are their main food. They store acorns in caches by drilling holes in trees or wooden buildings and forcing the acorns into the holes. I have never seen such a cache before, but finally saw one on this trip. Here is the side of a cabin at Santa Rita Lodge in Madera Canyon. There are numerous holes, but no acorns yet.

Holes for Acorn Woodpecker to cache acorns

The Bewick's Wren (Thryomanes bewickii) is a bird of the southwest and west coast of the USA. It is a typical brown wren with a white eye stripe. The underparts are gray. This one caught a large caterpillar and proceeded to smash it against the stump it was sitting on beforte devouring it.

Bewick's Wren

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask for subscribe.

Bulletin #158 - SE Arizona birds

Lisa and I went to Arizona to photo some of the remaining birds that I missed on 4 previous visits. There were 2 birds in particular that I was searching for, and of course any other that we could find and improve on. Once again I hired guide Melody Kehl in Tucson. Melody had located nests for both these birds and the first morning we nailed both of them!

The first is the only regular trogon in the USA, the Elegant Trogon (Trogon elegans). If you have birded the tropics at all, you are familiar with this family of large (13") long-tailed slow moving birds. The males have green backs and red bellies. Also notice the gray wing patches. This was not a lifer as I had seen a female in Mexico in the 90's.

Elegant Trogon - male

The female is browner, with a white breast, coppery tail, and white line behind the eye. She also has a red belly, but it doesn't show in this photo.

Elegant Trogon - female

The second target bird was only about 50 yards away, also at a nest hole in a tree. This was the Northern Pygmy-Owl. Melody pointed out to us that their are 2 populations of this species that differ by voice. This bird was the Mountain Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium gnoma). It is listed as such in the National Geographic field guide. Sibley uses the Mexican race for this one. The ABA has not split this species yet, but the IOU already has in their 2012 list of world bird names. So I will conform to the IOU listing and call this a full species of Mountain Pygmy-Owl. So I now have to find the Northern Pygmy-Owl somewhere else! This is a diurnal owl that hunts small birds. Either one was a lifer.
We saw a male come to the nest and feed the female inside. The sexes are similar in this small (7"0 brown owl with spots on back and streaked breast.

Mountain Pygmy-Owl

Next he flew to a branch and perched for about 5 minutes before flying off to hunt.

Mountain Pygmy-Owl

A common bird but with an interesting story is the local race of Purple Martins (Progne subis). Everyone is familiar with our largest swallow. The male is dark purple and the female has a purplish back, but gray breast. In the eastern part of the country, they almost always nest in man-made martin houses. However, the Sonoran Desert race in southeast Arizona nest exclusively in Saguaro cacti. Here is the male.

Purple Martin - Sonoran race - male

The female is paler and has a prominent white forehead and nape of neck compared to the eastern birds that I am familiar with.

Purple Martin - Sonoran race - female

Here is a male at a nest hole in a Saguaro cactus.

Purple Martin - Sonoran race - male

Another bird that I managed to get improved photos was the male Western Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana). As you may remember from a bulletin last year, there was talk of moving the piranga genus of tanagers to the cardinal family of birds. So far, neither the ABA nor the IOU has done so. It is still a tanager. The breeding male has a yellow body, red head, black tail and wings with 2 wing bars - one yellow and one white. I caught this bird on a feeder in Madera Canyon. I had seen one of these birds at High Island during spring migration, where it is a real rarity, but didn't get a photo before it flew away.

Western Tanager - breeding male

He then flew to a branch and allowed me to photograph his other side.

Western Tanager - breeding male

On an evening trip to California Gulch along the Mexican brder, we found a family of Canyon Wrens (Catherpes mexicanus). At first we just saw 6 babies making their way across the rock face. No adults were to be seen.

Canyon Wrens - 6 babies

As they moved to the right, they came to a small hole in the rock and the parents were there calling to the little ones. Here is an adult with the brown belly and 2 babies. The opening is just above the blades of grass on the left of the photo. At dusk when we were there, the opening just looked black, but the flash illuminated the interior. The babies started going into the small cavity in the rock.

Canyon Wren adult and 2 babies beside nest cavity in rock face

Once the babies were all in, the parents also went in. Here is a photo showing an adult just above and several babies inside, their eyes bright from the flash. It was fascinating to see this whole scene. Nature is so interesting if one just takes the time to stop and watch life unfold before your eyes.

Canyon Wren nest cavity in rock with several babies seen inside

Lastly, I have a Curve-billed Thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre). The Arizona race of this bird have very indistinct breast spots and a yellow eye. The south Texas birds in contrast have distinct spots and a red or orange eye.

Curve-billed Thrasher - Arizona

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask for subscribe.

Bulletin #157 - other Big Island birds and animals

There were some other birds introduced into the Hawaiin islands as well. Many of these were game birds to stock the ranches for hunting, as there were no native game birds.
One of the non-game birds is the familiar Cattle Egret. There are 4 species of introduced pigeons and doves. Two are the familiar Rock Pigeon and our own Mourning Dove. However, the Spotted Dove (Spilopelia chinensis) of Chinese origin, is a large brown dove with a patch of white and black spots on the back of the neck. This bird also occurs in the Los Angeles area as a result of escapes or releases.

Spotted Dove

The Gray Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) is a brown game bird in the partirdge family. It is native to the Indian subcontinent. It occurs at lower elevations than the next bird. This one was photographed on the grounds of our hotel.

Gray Francolin

The Erckel's Francolin (Francolinus erckelii) is a grayer colored cousin to the bird above. He has a bright rufous crown. It occurrs at higher elevation on the mountain sides. It is native to Ethiopia.

Erckel's Francolin

The popular game bird, the Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) was also introduced to Hawaii. The male is gray and brown with a very long tail, red on the face, and green head.

Ring-necked Pheasant - male

The female is a brown bird with a long tail.

Ring-necked Pheasant - female

As far as land mammals go, Hawaii had only 1 native, a bat. Many of course were introduced. Here is the Indian Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus). As in all the other introductions of this species to control some other animal or reptile, it didn't work. They were brought to Hawaii to control rats in the sugar cane fields. However, the rodents are nocturnal and the mongoose in diurnal, thus their paths didn't cross and the mongoose ate bird eggs and other things rather than the intended prey. I saw several of these in broad daylight on the hotel grounds.

Indian Mongoose - detail

Our hotel had flood lights at night along a section of shoreline. These lights attracted plankton and the plankton attracted Manta Rays (Manta birostris). I saw 5-6 of these 5 foot rays at one time.

Manta Ray

Here is a close up of the peculiar wide mouth.

Manta Ray - detail

Happy birding and photography,

David McDonald
dkmmdpa@gmail.com

photos copyright 2012 David McDonald

To have these trip reports sent to your email, please email me at the above address and ask for subscribe.